Ka 2021, thekiso ea EV ea lefats'e e tla ikarabella bakeng sa 9% ea kakaretso ea thekiso ea likoloi tsa bapalami.
Ho eketsa palo eo, ntle le ho tsetela haholo libakeng tse ncha tsa khoebo ho potlakisa nts'etsopele, tlhahiso le ts'ehetso ea motlakase, baetsi ba likoloi le bafani ba thepa le bona ba qhekella likelello tsa bona ho itokisetsa moloko o latelang oa likarolo tsa koloi.
Mehlala e kenyelletsa libeteri tsa boemo bo tiileng, li-axial-flow motors, le lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa 800-volt tse tšepisang ho fokotsa linako tsa ho tjhaja ka halofo, ho fokotsa boholo ba betri le litšenyehelo haholo, le ho ntlafatsa katleho ea koloi.
Ho fihlela joale, ke likoloi tse 'maloa feela tse ncha tse sebelisitseng tsamaiso ea 800-volt ho e-na le 400 e tloaelehileng.
Mehlala e nang le lisebelisoa tsa 800-volt tse seng li ntse li le 'marakeng ke: Porsche Taycan, Audi E-tron GT, Hyundai Ioniq 5 le Kia EV6.Lucid Air limousine e sebelisa meralo ea 900-volt, leha litsebi tsa indasteri li lumela hore ke sistimi ea 800-volt.
Ho latela pono ea bafani ba likarolo tsa EV, meralo ea betri ea 800-volt e tla ba eona theknoloji e hlahelletseng qetellong ea lilemo tsa bo-2020, haholoholo ha ho hlaha lipolanete tsa motlakase tse nang le 800 volt, joalo ka Hyundai's E- GMP le PPE ea. sehlopha sa Volkswagen.
Hyundai Motor's E-GMP modular platform ea motlakase e fanoa ke Vitesco Technologies, k'hamphani ea powertrain e tsoileng ho Continental AG, ho fana ka li-inverters tsa 800-volt;Volkswagen Group PPE ke kaho ea betri ea 800-volt e kopantsoeng ke Audi le Porsche.Sethala sa koloi ea motlakase ea modular.
"Ka 2025, mehlala e nang le lisebelisoa tsa 800-volt e tla tloaeleha," ho boletse Dirk Kesselgruber, mopresidente oa karolo ea GKN ea motlakase oa motlakase, k'hamphani ea ntlafatso ea theknoloji.GKN hape ke e mong oa barekisi ba 'maloa ba Tier 1 ba sebelisang theknoloji, ba fana ka likarolo tse kang li-axle tsa motlakase tsa 800-volt, ka leihlo la tlhahiso ea bongata ka 2025.
O ile a bolella Automotive News Europe, "Re nahana hore tsamaiso ea 800-volt e tla fetoha ntho e tloaelehileng. Hyundai e boetse e pakile hore e ka ba le tlhōlisano e lekanang ka theko."
United States, Hyundai IQNIQ 5 e qala ho $43,650, e thehiloeng ho feta theko e tloaelehileng ea $ 60,054 bakeng sa likoloi tsa motlakase ka February 2022, 'me e ka amoheloa ke bareki ba bangata.
"800 volts ke mohato o latelang o utloahalang oa ho iphetola ha likoloi tse hloekileng tsa motlakase," Alexander Reich, hlooho ea lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa elektronike Vitesco, o boletse puisanong.
Ntle le ho fana ka li-inverters tsa 800-volt bakeng sa sethala sa motlakase sa Hyundai E-GMP, Vitesco e sirelelitse likonteraka tse ling tse kholo, ho kenyeletsoa li-inverters bakeng sa mochini o moholo oa likoloi oa Amerika Leboea le li-EV tse peli tse etellang pele Chaena le Japane.Mofani o fana ka motlakase.
Karolo ea tsamaiso ea motlakase ea 800-volt e ntse e hōla ka potlako ho feta kamoo ho neng ho lebelletsoe lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng,' me bareki ba ntse ba eketseha ka matla, Harry Husted, ofisiri e ka sehloohong ea theknoloji ho mofani oa likarolo tsa likoloi tsa US BorgWarner, o boletse ka imeile.thahasello.Morekisi o boetse o hapile liodara tse ling, ho kenyeletsoa module e kopaneng ea mochini oa mofuta oa China oa mabothobotho.
1. Ke hobane'ng ha 800 volts e le "mohato o latelang o utloahalang"?
Ke lintlha life tse ka sehloohong tsa tsamaiso ea 800-volt ha e bapisoa le tsamaiso e teng ea 400-volt?
Ntlha ea pele, ba ka fana ka matla a tšoanang ka nako e tlaase.Eketsa nako ea ho tjhaja ka 50% ka boholo bo lekanang ba betri.
Ka lebaka leo, betri, karolo e theko e boima ka ho fetisisa koloing ea motlakase, e ka etsoa e nyenyane, e eketsa bokhoni ha e ntse e fokotsa boima ba 'mele ka kakaretso.
Otmar Scharrer, motlatsi e moholo oa theknoloji ea motlakase ea motlakase ho ZF, o itse: "Litšenyehelo tsa likoloi tsa motlakase ha li e-s'o be boemong bo lekanang le likoloi tsa peterole, 'me betere e nyenyane e ka ba tharollo e ntle. Hape, ho ba le betri e kholo haholo mofuta oa komporo e kholo joalo ka Ioniq 5 ha e utloahale ka boyona. ”
Reich o itse: "Ka ho imena habeli motlakase le motlakase o tšoanang, koloi e ka fumana matla a imenneng habeli.""Haeba nako ea ho tjhaja e potlakile ka ho lekaneng, koloi ea motlakase e ka 'na ea se ke ea hloka ho qeta nako e lelekisa sebaka sa lik'hilomithara tse 1,000."
Ea bobeli, hobane li-voltage tse phahameng li fana ka matla a tšoanang le a fokolang a hona joale, lithapo le lithapo le tsona li ka etsoa tse nyane le tse bobebe, ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea koporo e theko e boima le e boima.
Matla a lahlehileng a tla boela a fokotsehe ka tsela e nepahetseng, e leng se tla fella ka mamello e ntle le ts'ebetso e ntlafetseng ea likoloi.Hape ha ho na sistimi e rarahaneng ea taolo ea mocheso e hlokahalang ho netefatsa hore betri e sebetsa ka mocheso o nepahetseng.
Qetellong, ha e kopantsoe le theknoloji e hlahang ea silicon carbide microchip, tsamaiso ea 800-volt e ka eketsa katleho ea powertrain ka karolo ea 5 lekholong.Chip ena e lahleheloa ke matla a manyane ha e chencha, 'me e sebetsa hantle haholo bakeng sa braking e nchafatsang.
Hobane lichifi tse ncha tsa silicon carbide li sebelisa silicon e sa hloekang haholo, litšenyehelo li ka ba tlase mme lichifi tse ngata li ka fanoa indastering ea likoloi, ho boletse barekisi.Hobane liindasteri tse ling li tloaetse ho sebelisa li-chips tsohle tsa silicon, li qothisana lehlokoa le baetsi ba likoloi moleng oa tlhahiso ea semiconductor.
"Qetellong, nts'etsopele ea litsamaiso tsa 800-volt ke tsa bohlokoa," ho phethela Kessel Gruber oa GKN.
2. Ponahalo ea marang-rang ea seteishene sa ho tjhaja sa 800-volt
Potso e 'ngoe ke ena: Boholo ba liteishene tse teng tsa ho tjhaja li thehiloe ho sistimi ea 400-volt, na ehlile ho na le molemo ho likoloi tse sebelisang sistimi ea 800-volt?
Karabo e fanoeng ke litsebi tsa indasteri ke: e.Le hoja koloi e hloka lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja tse thehiloeng ho 800-volt.
"Boholo ba meaho e teng ea ho tjhaja ka potlako ea DC ke ea likoloi tsa 400-volt," ho boletse Hursted."Ho fihlela tjhaja e potlakileng ea 800-volt, re hloka moloko oa morao-rao oa li-charger tsa DC tse nang le matla a phahameng a matla, a matla a phahameng."
Ha se bothata ba ho tjhaja lapeng, empa ho fihlela hajoale marang-rang a potlakileng a ho tjhaja sechaba US a na le moeli.Reich o nahana hore bothata bo boima le ho feta bakeng sa liteishene tsa ho tjhaja litseleng tse kholo.
Leha ho le joalo, Europe, marang-rang a 800-volt a ntse a eketseha, 'me Ionity e na le libaka tse ngata tsa 800-volt, 350-kilowatts ho pholletsa le Europe.
Ionity EU ke morero oa kopanelo ea li-automaker tse ngata bakeng sa marang-rang a liteishene tsa ho tjhaja matla a phahameng bakeng sa likoloi tsa motlakase, tse thehiloeng ke BMW Group, Daimler AG, Ford Motor le Volkswagen.Ka 2020, Hyundai Motor e ile ea ikopanya e le beng ba karolo ea bohlano ba kholo ka ho fetisisa.
Schaller oa ZF o re: "Tjhaja ea 800-volt, 350-kilowatt e bolela nako ea tefiso ea lik'hilomithara tse 100 metsotso e 5-7.""Ke kopi feela ea kofi."
"Ka sebele ena ke theknoloji e senyang. E tla boela e thuse indasteri ea likoloi ho kholisa batho ba bangata hore ba amohele likoloi tsa motlakase."
Ho ea ka tlaleho ea morao-rao e tsoang ho Porsche, ho nka metsotso e ka bang 80 ho eketsa sebaka sa lik'hilomithara tse 250 sebakeng se tloaelehileng sa matla a 50kW, 400V;Metsotso e 40 haeba e le 100kW;haeba o pholile polaka ea ho tjhaja (litšenyehelo, boima le ho rarahana), e ka fokotsang nako ho fihlela metsotso e 30.
"Ka hona, molemong oa ho fumana ho tjhaja ka lebelo le holimo, phetoho ho ea ho li-voltage tse phahameng e ke ke ea qojoa," tlaleho e phethetse.Porsche e lumela hore ka matla a ho tjhaja a 800-volt, nako e ka theohela ho metsotso e ka bang 15.
Ho chacha ho bonolo ebile ho potlakile joalo ka ho tlatsa mafura - ho na le monyetla o motle oa hore e etsahale.
3. Bo-pula-maliboho liindastering tsa mekhoa e metle
Haeba thekenoloji ea 800-volt e hlile e le ntle haholo, ho bohlokoa ho botsa hore na ke hobane'ng, ntle le mehlala e boletsoeng ka holimo, hoo e batlang e le likoloi tsohle tsa motlakase li ntse li itšetlehile ka mekhoa ea 400-volt, esita le baeta-pele ba 'maraka Tesla le Volkswagen.?
Schaller le litsebi tse ling ba fana ka mabaka a "bonolo" le "ho ba indasteri pele."
Ntlo e tloaelehileng e sebelisa li-volts tse 380 tsa mekhahlelo e meraro ea AC (tekanyo ea motlakase ha e le hantle ke mefuta e mengata, eseng boleng bo tsitsitseng), kahoo ha baetsi ba likoloi ba qala ho ntša li-hybrids le likoloi tse hloekileng tsa motlakase, lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja li ne li se li le teng.'Me leqhubu la pele la likoloi tsa motlakase le hahiloe holim'a likarolo tse entsoeng bakeng sa li-plug-in hybrids, tse neng li thehiloe holim'a lisebelisoa tsa 400-volt.
"Ha motho e mong le e mong a le ho 400 volts, ho bolela hore ke boemo ba motlakase bo fumanehang litsing tsa motheo hohle," Schaller o itse."Ke eona e loketseng ka ho fetisisa, e fumaneha hang-hang. Kahoo batho ha ba nahane haholo. Hang-hang ba etsa qeto."
Kessel Gruber o re Porsche ke pula-maliboho oa 800-volt system hobane e ne e tsepamisitse maikutlo haholo ts'ebetsong ho feta ts'ebetsong.
Porsche e iteta sefuba ho lekola bocha seo indasteri e se entseng ho tloha nakong e fetileng.Oa ipotsa: "Na ena ke eona tharollo e molemo ka ho fetisisa?""Na re ka e qapa ho tloha qalong?"Ke bona botle ba ho ba moetsi oa likoloi ea sebetsang hantle.
Litsebi tsa indasteri li lumetse hore ke taba ea nako pele li-EV tse fetang 800-volt li fihla 'marakeng.
Ha ho na liphephetso tse ngata tsa tekheniki, empa likarolo li hloka ho ntlafatsoa le ho netefatsoa;litšenyehelo e ka 'na ea e-ba bothata, empa ka tekanyo, lisele tse nyenyane le koporo e fokolang, theko e tlaase e tla tla haufinyane.
Volvo, Polestar, Stellantis le General Motors ba se ba boletse hore mehlala ea nakong e tlang e tla sebelisa theknoloji.
Sehlopha sa Volkswagen se rera ho thakhola mefuta e mengata ea likoloi sethaleng sa eona sa 800-volt PPE, ho kenyeletsoa Macan e ncha le koloi ea seteishene e thehiloeng mohopolong o mocha oa A6 Avant E-tron.
Baetsi ba likoloi ba Machaena ba bangata ba phatlalalitse ho falla ho meralo ea 800-volt, ho kenyeletsoa Xpeng Motors, NIO, Li Auto, BYD le Lotus e nang le Geely.
"Ka Taycan le E-tron GT, u na le koloi e nang le ts'ebetso e ka sehloohong ea sehlopha. Ioniq 5 ke bopaki ba hore koloi ea lelapa e theko e tlaase e ka khoneha, "Kessel Gruber o phethile."Haeba likoloi tsena tse 'maloa li ka e etsa, koloi e' ngoe le e 'ngoe e ka e etsa."
Nako ea poso: Apr-19-2022